الرمز Symbol | أسم العنصر الالكتروني
Component name | توضيح
Meaning |
الأسلاك Wire Symbols
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سلك كهربائي
Electrical Wire |
Conductor of electrical current |
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نقاط توصيل
Connected Wires |
Connected crossing |
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اسلاك غير متصله
Not Connected Wires |
Wires are not connected |
المفاتيح الكهربائية والريلية Switch Symbols and Relay Symbols
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مفتاح مفرد
SPST Toggle Switch |
Disconnects current when open |
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SPDT Toggle Switch |
Selects between two connections |
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مفتاح ضاغط
Pushbutton Switch N.O |
Momentary switch - normally open |
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Pushbutton Switch N.C |
Momentary switch - normally closed |
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DIP Switch |
DIP switch is used for onboard configuration |
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SPST Relay |
Relay open / close connection by an electromagnet |
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SPDT Relay |
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Jumper |
Close connection by jumper insertion on pins. |
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Solder Bridge |
Solder to close connection |
رموز التأريض Ground Symbols
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Earth Ground |
Used for zero potential reference and electrical shock protection. |
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Chassis Ground |
Connected to the chassis of the circuit |
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Digital / Common Ground |
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رموز المقاومة Resistor Symbols
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Resistor (IEEE) |
Resistor reduces the current flow. |
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Resistor (IEC) |
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Potentiometer (IEEE) |
Adjustable resistor - has 3 terminals. |
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Potentiometer (IEC) |
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Variable Resistor / Rheostat(IEEE) |
Adjustable resistor - has 2 terminals. |
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Variable Resistor / Rheostat(IEC) |
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Trimmer Resistor |
Preset resistor |
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Thermistor |
Thermal resistor - change resistance when temperature changes |
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Photoresistor / Light dependent resistor (LDR) |
Photo-resistor - change resistance with light intensity change |
رموز المكثف Capacitor Symbols
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Capacitor |
Capacitor is used to store electric charge. It acts as short circuit with AC and open circuit with DC. |
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Capacitor |
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Polarized Capacitor |
Electrolytic capacitor |
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Polarized Capacitor |
Electrolytic capacitor |
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Variable Capacitor |
Adjustable capacitance |
رموز الملف Inductor / Coil Symbols
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Inductor |
Coil / solenoid that generates magnetic field |
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Iron Core Inductor |
Includes iron |
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Variable Inductor |
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رموز التغذية Power Supply Symbols
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Voltage Source |
Generates constant voltage |
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Current Source |
Generates constant current. |
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AC Voltage Source |
AC voltage source |
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Generator |
Electrical voltage is generated by mechanical rotation of the generator |
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Battery Cell |
Generates constant voltage |
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Battery |
Generates constant voltage |
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Controlled Voltage Source |
Generates voltage as a function of voltage or current of other circuit element. |
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Controlled Current Source |
Generates current as a function of voltage or current of other circuit element. |
أجهزة القياس الكهربائية Meter Symbols
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Voltmeter |
Measures voltage. Has very high resistance. Connected in parallel. |
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Ammeter |
Measures electric current. Has near zero resistance. Connected serially. |
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Ohmmeter |
Measures resistance |
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Wattmeter |
Measures electric power |
المصابيح الكهربائية Lamp / Light Bulb Symbols
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Lamp / light bulb |
Generates light when current flows through |
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Lamp / light bulb |
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Lamp / light bulb |
رموز الدايود Diode / LED Symbols
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Diode |
Diode allows current flow in one direction only (left to right). |
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Zener Diode |
Allows current flow in one direction, but also can flow in the reverse direction when above breakdown voltage |
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Schottky Diode |
Schottky diode is a diode with low voltage drop |
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Varactor / Varicap Diode |
Variable capacitance diode |
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Tunnel Diode |
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Light Emitting Diode (LED) |
LED emits light when current flows through |
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Photodiode |
Photodiode allows current flow when exposed to light |
رموز الترانزيستور Transistor Symbols
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NPN Bipolar Transistor |
Allows current flow when high potential at base (middle) |
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PNP Bipolar Transistor |
Allows current flow when low potential at base (middle) |
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Darlington Transistor |
Made from 2 bipolar transistors. Has total gain of the product of each gain. |
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JFET-N Transistor |
N-channel field effect transistor |
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JFET-P Transistor |
P-channel field effect transistor |
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NMOS Transistor |
N-channel MOSFET transistor |
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PMOS Transistor |
P-channel MOSFET transistor |
Misc. Symbols
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Motor |
Electric motor |
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Transformer |
Change AC voltage from high to low or low to high. |
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Electric bell |
Rings when activated |
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Buzzer |
Produce buzzing sound |
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Fuse |
The fuse disconnects when current above threshold. Used to protect circuit from high currents. |
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Fuse |
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Bus |
Contains several wires. Usually for data / address. |
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Bus |
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Bus |
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Optocoupler / Opto-isolator |
Optocoupler isolates onnection to other board |
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Loudspeaker |
Converts electrical signal to sound waves |
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Microphone |
Converts sound waves to electrical signal |
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Operational Amplifier |
Amplify input signal |
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Schmitt Trigger |
Operates with hysteresis to reduce noise. |
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Analog-to-digital converter (ADC) |
Converts analog signal to digital numbers |
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Digital-to-Analog converter (DAC) |
Converts digital numbers to analog signal |
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Crystal Oscillator |
Used to generate precise frequency clock signal |
رموز هوائيات الأتصال Antenna Symbols
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Antenna / aerial |
Transmits & receives radio waves |
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Antenna / aerial |
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Dipole Antenna |
Two wires simple antenna |
البوابات المنطقية Logic Gates Symbols
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NOT Gate (Inverter) |
Outputs 1 when input is 0 |
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AND Gate |
Outputs 1 when both inputs are 1. |
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NAND Gate |
Outputs 0 when both inputs are 1. (NOT + AND) |
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OR Gate |
Outputs 1 when any input is 1. |
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NOR Gate |
Outputs 0 when any input is 1. (NOT + OR) |
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XOR Gate |
Outputs 1 when inputs are different. (Exclusive OR) |
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D Flip-Flop |
Stores one bit of data |
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Multiplexer / Mux 2 to 1 |
Connects the output to selected input line. |
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Multiplexer / Mux 4 to 1 |
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Demultiplexer / Demux 1 to 4 |
Connects selected output to the input line. |